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Pope Gregory XVI
Pope Gregory XVI ((ラテン語:Gregorius XVI); 18 September 1765 – 1 June 1846), born Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari EC, reigned from 2 February 1831 to his death in 1846.〔Pham, John-Peter. ''Heirs of the Fisherman'', (Oxford University Press, 2004), p. 187.〕 He had adopted the name Mauro upon entering the religious order of the Camaldolese.
Strongly conservative and traditionalist, he opposed democratic and modernising reforms in the Papal States and throughout Europe, seeing them as fronts for revolutionary leftism. Against these trends he sought to strengthen the religious and political authority of the papacy (see ultramontanism). He encouraged missionary activity abroad to increase the Church's international influence, but his harsh repression, financial extravagance and neglectfulness left him deeply unpopular domestically.
He remains the last pope to take the pontifical name "Gregory", and the last non-bishop to become pope.
==Biography==
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